Catalyst deactivation yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim uas qhov kev ua haujlwm catalytic thiab kev xaiv ntawm cov catalysts tau txo qis lossis ploj tag vim yog impurities hauv lub cev thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog yog suav nrog cov tshuaj lom catalyst, uas feem ntau yog los ntawm impurities hauv cov khoom siv raw, intrinsic impurities ntawm catalysts, cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab los ntawm - khoom.
1.Hom Lub Npe ntawm Catalyst Deactivation
①Thermal Deactivation
Qhov kub ntawm lub reactor ntau dhau ua rau qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Qhov kub siab ua rau lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm cov catalysts thiab leaches active Cheebtsam. Nws kuj ua rau catalyst melting thiab txaj coking, thaiv micropores thiab txo qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw. luv-lub sij hawm overheating hauv zos muaj kev cuam tshuam me me, thaum lub sij hawm ntev -lub sij hawm siab - kub ua hauj lwm yuav deactivate catalyst mus tas li.
②Physical Deactivation (Mechanical Deactivation)
Plua plav thiab fumes thaiv cov micropores ntawm catalysts. Ordinary plua plav accumulates nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub txaj catalyst, thaum gaseous hnyav hlau hais tso rau hauv lub txaj qis, ua rau lub txaj siab poob thiab ua rau cov chaw nquag. Catalysts uas tsis muaj zog txhua yam yuav tawg mus rau hauv fragments, txo qhov chaw sib cuag rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua rau deactivation.
③Chemical Deactivation (Catalyst Poisoning)
Trace impurities nyob rau hauv lub chemically reacts nrog lub active chaw zov me nyuam thiab carriers ntawm catalysts tsim inert tshuaj uas tsis muaj catalytic kev ua tau zoo. Qhov no rhuav tshem cov qauv tsim thiab passivates catalytic muaj peev xwm, thaum kawg deactivating catalysts.
2.Cov tshuaj nquag ua rau Catalyst Deactivation
Feem ntau deactivation- ua rau cov khoom hauv kev lag luam muaj xws li dej, hnyav hlau, nitrogen thiab amines, oxygen, acids thiab alkalis, pa taws, chlorine, sulfides, carbon oxides, hydrocarbons, nrog rau arsenic, selenium, tellurium thiab lwm yam khoom.
3.Ua rau Catalyst Deactivation hauv SRU units
Catalyst deactivation nyob rau hauv Sulfur Recovery Units (SRU) feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm tsis zoo: purging tsis tiav thaum pib thiab kaw ua rau pore blockage los ntawm impurities; condensed acid cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv qis reactor kub, corroding catalyst moj khaum thiab triggering sulfation; huab cua ntau dhau ua rau cov kua qaub los ntawm- cov khoom uas ua rau cov chaw ua haujlwm puas tsuaj; reactor overheating thiab kub tawm ntawm kev tsim ntau yam thaum pib thiab kaw tag nrho cov catalyst deactivation.